Modern libertarian political theory is usually presented as a distinctly Western inheritance—emerging from medieval natural law, sharpened by early modern liberalism, and culminating in the radical critiques of state power advanced by thinkers such as Murray Rothbard. And, while to a large extent accurate, hostility to governance, skepticism toward authority, and confidence in spontaneous social order are not uniquely Western phenomena. Long before Locke or Aquinas, classical Daoist (Taoist) thinkers articulated a political philosophy that rejected administration, moralized rule, and social